Woodpeckers of the World: November 2012

Wednesday, 28 November 2012

Picid in Focus: Speckle-chested Piculet

Speckle-chested Piculet Picumnus steindachneri. Endemic to NW Peru. Photo of this female (males have red on the forecrown) taken near Afluentes in November 2012 by Gerard Gorman.

Friday, 9 November 2012

Picid in Focus: Yellow-fronted Woodpecker male

Yellow-fronted Woodpecker Melanerpes flavifrons This is a male, note the red crown and nape. Photo of this stunning species taken by Adam Riley (Rockjumper Tours) in Intervales, Brazil.

Friday, 2 November 2012

Picid in Focus: Syrian Woodpecker

Syrian Woodpecker Dendrocopos syriacus. Female, note lack of red on nape. Ranges from the Middle East to C & E Europe. In many areas it is an urban bird, as this photo illustrates. Photo taken in Hungary by Gerard Gorman.

Background

Woodpeckers, the Picidae, are Piciformes, an order that includes some of the oldest avian lineages. The Piciformes probably originated about 60 million years ago in the Tertiary period and became distinct from their closest relatives some 50 million years ago. Depending upon which taxonomy is followed, and the fact that the status of some species is unclear, around 240-260 woodpecker species probably exist globally. The Picidae includes three subfamilies: Jynginae (wrynecks), Picumninae (piculets) and the Picinae, the “true woodpeckers”. In terms of size, behaviour, distribution and the habitats they use, the Picinae are a fairly diverse group of birds with six distinct tribes. They are widespread and found from sea-level to high-altitudes but absent from the Arctic, Antarctica, Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Madagascar and some other islands. Worldwide woodpeckers are usually, but not exclusively, associated with trees.